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DPP-4 inhibitors, a class of medications used in the management of type 2 diabetes, have a well-documented side effect profile. One of the most common side effects observed with this class of drugs is an increased incidence of upper respiratory infections. These infections can manifest as symptoms such as nasal congestion, sore throat, cough, and sometimes fever.

The reason this side effect occurs is not entirely understood, but it is thought to be related to the impact of DPP-4 inhibition on immune function and the respiratory system. In clinical studies, patients taking DPP-4 inhibitors like sitagliptin or saxagliptin have reported cases of respiratory tract infections, indicating a pattern that distinguishes them from other diabetes medications.

Other potential side effects of DPP-4 inhibitors include gastrointestinal symptoms, but severe nausea is not among the most typical outcomes, nor is excessive sweating a common concern. Weight gain is also not associated with this class of drugs, as some studies suggest they may promote weight neutrality or even weight loss in certain individuals. Hence, the association of DPP-4 inhibitors with upper respiratory infections is the most well-recognized and documented side effect, making it the correct answer.